Being able to assess and predict a firm’s investment opportunities is key to understanding the value of a firm. Currently, the financial tools used to analyze these opportunities, such as market-to-book ratio, are one-dimensional, i.e., they measure variation in investment opportunities on a single scale. However, according to Xinjie Ma, PhD ‘21, Sudipta Basu and their co-author Hoa Briscoe-Tran at Ohio State University, these opportunities are not one-dimensional.